Symmetry and harmony go hand in hand and are a basic tenet of all major art forms including design. The principles of landscape design also include the use of balance in everything. While it may be a bit deeper than this, this concept is simpler to interpret for newcomers to comprehend and fully grasp the idea. Perfection is often synonym to symmetry in the western world. However, some Asian traditions do not enjoy the use of even number of objects as it is too perfect to really represent what life is and the imperfection one could face during its life time. Imperfection will give a more natural and rugged feel and will even introduce character while perfection seems monotonous.
If a garden or landscape has symmetrical lines and is of equal proportions then it will feel and appear to be balanced in form. In reality symmetrical lines and shapes are not always a possibility and therefore there is the dependence on the introduction of other components to introduce this symmetry and harmonious balance. Many gardens and landscapes are asymmetrical or abstract in nature and possess no natural balance.
Lack of symmetry and balance can be related to the fact that there is a lack of repetition. The use of similar elements throughout a garden or landscape can add the missing symmetry and assist in the unifying of the areas to each other. Repeating elements such as plants, rocks, matching plant sets, a color and much more can be used to introduce symmetry.
A common problem is many landscaping plans are the use of a lot of non matching elements in the design. This gives the appearance of clutter and an untidy look when the area starts to grow. One rule of thumb is to start with a design which is minimalistic. This means that you plan for less and only include a few matching sets of plants around the garden and keep everything else to a minimum. You can then take your time and consider further landscaping ideas and additions that you can make.
One of the most asked questions in landscape design deals with shape. The shape of a design is unique and will at the end of the day comply with all your visions. If the shape is filled with clutter however it can still turn out poorly balanced and inappropriate. Harmony and symmetry can depend on shape but generally you do not need a particular shape to get a symmetrical design.
The process of landscape design closely follows those of other design art forms. The use of repetition, balance, harmony and symmetry are all principles related to art. Architects also use these principles in their designs. The creation of symmetry and balance in a landscape that has a flaw can be accomplished by the use of consistent repetition. Even the use of one element place at opposite sides can give the appearance of some unity. It can be easier to accomplish repetition using the softscape elements such as plants and ornaments but consideration of hardscape elements such as walks and driveways can provide great results too.
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